The historian Jim Smith writes that traditional activities in Burragorang Valley include using smoke signals to communicate, using traditional pathways, hunting for game and animal skins, and the harvesting of bush foods, honey and fish. Clay is gathered from Aboriginal quarries and given to settlers to whitewash their houses. Traditional medicine and midwifery are practised. Gandangara people continue to tell their dreaming stories including to some white people, and continue to visit sacred sites for ceremonial purposes up to at least 1897. (J. Smith, ‘Gundungurra Country’, PhD thesis, 2008)