As Bahtahbah increasingly provides Awabakal with refuge on a violent frontier, Biraban also keeps Threlkeld informed of violence towards wider clan groups across the region: “M’Gill…told me the other day that he remembers a white settler (one I know, and I believe the fact) shot a native who was stealing indian corn…he then hung him up a tree with a cob of corn struck between his teeth! And left him there until he rotted off the branche of the Tree” (LMS Letters 1826, in Blair, 2003, p53).